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In the historical chronicles of the kіlka times, the coming colder winters in Europe were foreshadowed. Chroniclers spiraled on an inconsequential fact - the wine froze at the lochs. They could not determine the exact temperature values ​​(there was no technology and accessories), but for the ancestors it was an absolute indication of the cold. What is the reference freezing point for alcohol?

I will change

Temperature indicator for transition from one aggregate mill in іnshe (pіdina→hard) in the dermal variance of svіy. On the whole appearance, add the following factors:

• Molecular power of rіdini;
• atmospheric vice;
• Proportions of warehouses, houses.

The absolute indicator is the freezing point for alcohol (ethanol C2H5OH) is -117 C (also indicated -114, -115). On the surface of the Earth, such a temperature is impossible. It is not good for all alcohol spirits to cope with the cold. Deyakі vidi brandі and metaksu kіlka mіsyatsіv specially vitrimyuyut in primіshchennyah with a temperature of -6ºС.

Water rozchin

Additives and water transform pure alcohol into retail. Vidpovidno change in indications of total freezing. Sumish water and alcohol (6:4) is called a burner. The range of change of the aggregate mill is –25 –29 °C. Tsey small rozkid іsnuє through the likeness of alcohol (the gorіltsі wines are no longer so pure). If a “truly Russian product” is unbelievably frozen for minus 20, then it’s better not to get used to it. Phasing the value of the fallowing temperature and the freezing concentration of the water-alcohol difference of the plant in the next table.

Table, de indicated Boiling temperatureі freezing point of ethanol

Drinking water (alcohol/water)	Freezing point (about C)	Width (kg / dm 3)	Boiling temperature (about C)
1:0	-110	0,807	78
1:1	-32	0,910	85
1:2	-17	0,947	88
1:3	-11	0,962	93

Vіdpovіdno to zagalnogo vznachennya, freezing temperature є temperature Tsya characteristic to fall due to the fact that the speech is cooled (warehouse) and for some kind of vice, tk. scho vice, tim is more freezing temperature. Nayvіdomіshoy speech, yak most often I will translate from a rare place in firmaments and navpaki, є water. Apparently, the splendid water becomes ice at zero degrees Celsius, it is clean H 2 Pro in a clean vessel can be rare and in severe frost, just like the sea itself, which avenges the impersonal salts.

Іnshі rіdini may іnshі rіvnі tsієї characteristics. For example, the freezing temperature of alcohol is much lower than for such an indicator for excellent driving. Tse s tim, scho tse speech can be less chіlnіst.

Usogo іsnuіє kіlka groups of alcohols, kozhen z yakіh mає ї svoї ї ії ї ії Chemical power. Today they see such classes:

Fallow number of hydroxyl groups (from monoatomic to ;

Fallow in addition, there are a lot of carbohydrate substitutes (non-saturated, boundary, aromatic);

Fallow in terms of cyclicity in the carbohydrate substitute (alicyclic, cyclic);

For the number of intercessors at the alpha-carbon atom (primary - tertiary).

For example, the freezing temperature, which can be brought to monatomic, becomes minus 97, and cyclohexanol - close to minus 42 about C. However, most often in sound systems, it is possible to drink the amount of alcoholic drinks that enter the warehouse. The freezing temperature of ethyl alcohol (ethanol) becomes minus 114 degrees Celsius. Tsya power vikoristovuєtsya in pobutі for seeing alcoholic warehouse zі spirtіvіsnih napoїv z metoyu degree increase, as well as for the preparation of winter anti-freeze for cars. Deyakі avtomobilіlіsti add ethanol to the summer type or mix it with water in the same proportions.

Significantly, not all of the native class will pass at the firm camps for more than a strong cold. For example, the freezing temperature of alcohol phenylcarbinol (benzyl aromatic alcohol) becomes minus 15°C.

If you consider the classification of thermometers, then you can find out whether thermometers are used, whether they are based on alcohol. Tobto. replacement of the electronic mechanism or mercury in the accessory, alcohol is removed. Such thermometers are most likely to be found there, where it is necessary to control low temperatures in the buttocks' minds. For example, in Siberia, there are often frosts up to 50-60 degrees. Here, simple thermometers cannot be used correctly, since the freezing temperature of mercury becomes close to minus 38 about C. You can find out about those that you have a thermometer by looking at the color of the glass in the thermometer. Like the wine of silver, then there is mercury in the middle. And the axis of the red stovpchik indicates on the pіdfarbovaniya spirtovy rozchin. Such thermometers are most often vicorous for vimiryuvannya zovnishnіh temperatures. Navіt yakshcho nadvorі bude -45 pro Z, then the attachment is not given, tk. the freezing temperature of alcohol is richly lower.

On the topic of those, at which temperature the burner freezes at 40 degrees, people often talk about the hour of the urochistas that zastillya. Tsya topic is raised from cicavost, prote nutrition is important. Depending on the freezing temperature, one can judge the quality of the product. Giving the burner a frost, you carry out your own testing, as if to help you escape the trouble.

Gorilka is an alcoholic sum, in which water plays the role of a retailer, and ethanol plays the role of a retail speech. When such sums are combined, special importance is attached to the equal mixing of the molecules of the ingredients and that stage of their interaction.

Let's take a look, at a certain degree the burner freezes. At the same time, the concentration of ethyl alcohol is added, the freezing temperature of which becomes minus one hundred and seventeen degrees Celsius. With a high school course in chemistry, someone remembers that the freezing temperature of water becomes close to zero. Vyhodyachi zgogo, we can say that the temperature of the freezing of the burner is to lie down in the amount of water and ethyl in the sum. The higher the concentration of water, the lower the temperature required, so that the motherland froze.

The very nature of alcohol speeches is resistant to strong minus temperatures, making them irreplaceable in rich galuzahs, and antifreeze is prepared on the basis of this strength.

It’s important to think that it’s easier to turn the burner’s consistency by placing it in the freezer for a year

Not enough chemistry

Another Raoult's law of assignments to percentage spіvvіdnoshnyu alcohol in the country, in which case the temperature of crystallization changes. According to the law, lowering the temperature, for which the motherland crystallizes, to deposit only a few moles at the concentration of the motherland. Establish special formulas that can be used to determine the freezing temperature of alcohol on the basis of yoga minerality.

Deyakі eksperti at tsіy sphere svіdchat, scho tsey law can not win for calculating the freezing temperature of alcoholic drinks. So, as yoga pouring in, only spread on the floor, as if they can’t fly. Ale practical doslidi talk about something else. Mustache processes, yakі vіdbuvayutsya pіdtverdzhuyut razrahunki, folded with additional formulas.

Freezing point for alcohol

Fallow in the concentration of ethyl alcohol and other additive speeches, the degree of crystallization of alcoholic products changes. Іsnuyut peevnі norms for the skin appearance of alcohol rinds. But it is important to understand that the skin of the vicarious variety of additives and the methods of selection, in practice, the meaning can be three times lowered. Freezing temperature of alcoholic beverages:

1. Minus chotiri degrees - champagne, red wine, rich varieties of beer.
2. Minus ten degrees - deyaki see wines, liquor, balm.
3. Minus fourteen degrees - port wine, tincture.
4. Minus eighteen degrees - whisky, brandy.
5. Minus thirty degrees - deyakі varieties of tekіli, rum, gorilka.
6. Minus forty degrees - absinthe, burnt, pepper.
7. Minus forty-five degrees - come on, it's possible to make them over fifty degrees.

Freezing temperature of any alcoholic drink without intermediary to lie down in the mix of alcohol in new.

Freezing burners

The freezing temperature of the burner is 40 degrees fortezі become close to thirty degrees below zero. The prote process of crystallization is initiated, if the meaning is twenty one. Get drunk on a thin pick of ice, which settles in the water, which is found at the warehouse of the homeland. Drinking alcohol, which is overflowing, gaining increased mucinity, which helps to reduce the temperature, when drunk, it becomes cold.

To freeze the burner, the bottled refrigerator was not enough. In the freezer, the maximum temperature is set to minus 24 degrees. As it happened and you were tormented by the food, why the burner froze in the freezer, then we can talk about the low quality of the product.

Yakisny alcohol may not be frozen, the motherland will become more viscous, but will not crystallize. The maximum that can be achieved in domestic minds is to take away the ice-cold dance from a thick sum. Tsya sumish does not have a clearly pronounced smell of chi relish.
Live frozen alcohol, people can remember the sound of a bright song. So napoi carry an impersonal problem with you, but you see only two more:

1. The introduction of krizhany alcohol can cause the development of such illnesses as tonsillitis, tonsillitis, or inflammation of the internal organs.
2. Krizhana vodka, like other alcohol, does not give a drunken effect for a long time. Ale varto alcohol zіgrіtisya at the slunk, as the stage of alcoholic intoxication is strong, as it is unsafe intoxication.

Yak perverity akіst

Knowing the power requirement, that the burner can freeze in the freezer, it is necessary to add a sprat to the product in a row. If the flasks are replenished, the burner is cooled from an additional freezer, it becomes much easier to take the product. And yet, having taken the dance out of the refrigerator, you should see that, having changed into ice, you need to get drunk in order to escape the destruction. Podіbnі napoї freeze for such minds:

• low alcohol content;
• presence of houses, preservatives and other additives;
• badly cleaned products

Remember that the temperature in a single-bottom refrigerator does not reach minus twenty-five degrees. Only for the minds that you are drunk at such a temperature, you can talk about good yoga safety for the body.

How to properly chill alcohol

Name a specific number, for which the burner freezes is not possible - the one that most often enters the warehouse is not only water and alcohol, but also a row of houses.

If you drink in the right minds, I will open up your gusto. Gorilka, which conforms to high standards, is to blame for the mother of licorice songs. Tsya power reaches the point of correct concentration of ethyl alcohol.

If you are a lover of crying drinks, then you know about your health, you can do it like this. Cooling drinks are served to the table, and poured into freezing dishes.

Tse tsikavo

Gorilka is one of the most popular alcoholic products, the popularity of which is counted in billions of liters, which are spread all over the world. It is important to know that cheap burner does not go through distillation. In order to reduce the sharp taste of the finished product, different houses are added. If such odors make you drunk, it’s not enough to talk about those who ethyl alcohol did not pass enough processing.

Those who call Mendeliev the winemaker of the burnt do not know the truth. This dissertation work was dedicated to alcoholic beverages, the temperature of which is 30 degrees. The term “gorilka” was used until the reign of Elizabeth the Other, until which time similar drinks were called moonshine and bread wine.

Alcohol is one of the most popular causes of death. However, it is connected not with the quality of the product, but with the ingredients, which are necessary for the people after the first living. One liter of burner, taken at one time, is enough to call death. Drinking water can cause problems with heart disease in a person who looks like a heart attack or a stroke.

Irrespective of those that the burner is the main attribute of the urochist covering, always remember the legacy, like a reminder of living. I’ll just get drunk in the middle of the norm and help to escape the catastrophic consequences.

Even more often, when choosing heat transfer on a water-alcohol basis, people set the same nutrition: "Why should Ecoterm be diluted with water 1: 1, the freezing temperature will be lower than -40 Aje in a pure ROU, it freezes at 114.7 degrees?"

The freezing point changes when diluted with alcohol and when diluted with alcohol and water. Tobto graph "freezing temperature in part of alcohol" can be seen y = | x |, for some part alcohol (eutectic warehouse) reaches the minimum freezing point (eutectic point). At low concentrations of alcohol in water, at low concentrations of water in alcohol, the freezing point can be determined by another Raoult law. For larger concentrations, you can evaluate for this very law.

Another Raoult's law: ΔT(deputy) = K * C, C is the molar concentration of the dispersed speech, K is the cryoscopic constant of the distiller. For water, K = 1.86 K * kg / mol, for alcohol, shukati is required.

Water-ethyl rozchin does not have an exact freezing point. On the back of the head, start freezing the krizhinki from the water. At the place, which is overflowing, the degree of alcohol rises. The freezing temperature will be lower.

As far as any water-alcohol differences, the stench freezes at the intermediate temperature interval. At the same time, the more water available, the closer the freezing temperature is to 0 ° C; more alcohol - up to -114°С. Here it is necessary to keep an important guard: separation (on the basis of individual components) should not be strictly fixed freezing temperatures. In these cases, it is more correct to speak about the temperature of the ear of freezing (appearance of the first crystals) and the temperature of the end of the process (outer hardening). The temperature of the ear of freezing and yogo completion becomes approximately (from the gel-like phase to the solid) 7 degrees. tobto. for example, with a water-alcohol ratio of 40%, the freezing ear will be approximately - 22.5 ° C, and the transition to your phase will be close to 29.5 ° C.

And then there are special tables, which have long been approved by institutions that specialize in alcohols.

Table of freezing temperatures (phase transition from a rare to a hard state) depending on the concentration of water-alcohol difference.

Table - Thermophysical power of aqueous solutions of ethanol

in alcohol vaga %	thickness g/cm3	freezing temperature,
2,5	0,9936	-1,00
4,8	0,9897	-2,00
6,8	0,9866	-3,00
11,3	0,9801	-5,00
13,8	0,9767	-6,10
16,4	0,9733	-7,50
17,5	0,9719	-8,70
18,8	0,9702	-9,40
20,3	0,9682	-10,6
22,1	0,9658	-12,2
24,2	0,9628	-14,0
26,7	0,9591	-16,0
29,9	0,954	-18,9
33,8	0,9472	-23,6
39.0	0,9372	-28,7
46,3	0,9219	-33,9
56,1	0,9001	-41,0
71,9	0,8631	-51,3